Description of Examinations - Subspecialty

All examinations given by the American Board of Pathology are multiple-choice, computerized examinations given at the ABP examination center in Tampa, Florida. The examinations do not require any special computer skills or experience. A practice session is held before the certification examination begins. It is important that candidates read and understand all material sent in advance by the ABP and that candidates for anatomic pathology go through the practice examination in virtual microscopy that is available on the ABP Web site.

Contents
    Blood Banking/Transfusion Medicine
    Chemical Pathology
    Cytopathology
    Dermatopathology
    Forensic Pathology
    Hematology
    Medical Microbiology
    Molecular Genetic Pathology
    Neuropathology
    Pediatric Pathology

Subspecialty in Blood Banking/Transfusion Medicine

The examination in blood banking/transfusion medicine is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. The practical examination includes blood testing panels, graphs, charts, tables, or other images.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Blood, Plasma, Components
       donor criteria; collection and storage; processing, labeling, and storage; indications for use;
       and consultation
• Immunohematology, Genetics, Transplantation
       blood groups, antigen/antibody detection and identification, immune hemolytic anemias,
       hemolytic disease of the newborn, tissue and organ transplantation and consultation,
       compatibility testing
• Transfusion Practices and Sequelae
       blood component therapy; specific clinical aspects, indications, and consultation;
       transfusion techniques; sequelae; and consultation
• Hemapheresis, Donor Apheresis, Therapeutic Apheresis
       clinical indications and consultation, procedures and techniques, complications and
       consultations
• History, Administration, Management, and Regulation
       AABB standards, FDA regulations, quality control and assurance, general management
       principles

Subspecialty in Chemical Pathology

The examination in chemical pathology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. The practical examination includes graphs, charts, formulas, diagrams, tables, or other images.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Laboratory administrative and management requirements and practices
• Patient preparation and specimen collection
• Standards and units of measurement
• Calculations and statistics
• Quality control
• Instrumentation and equipment
• Analytic methods and techniques
• Disorders of metabolism
• Electrolyte and acid/base disorders
• Serum protein and coagulation abnormalities
• Chemical disorders and clinical aspects of organ and system diseases
• Diagnostic application of laboratory data
• Screening and home-testing procedures
• Drug abuse, overdose, and testing
• Patient care decision making and consultation

Subspecialty in Cytopathology

The examination in cytopathology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections. The practical section is composed of a microscopic portion (traditional and virtual) and an image section. The examination is administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. The written examination includes theoretical, practical, administrative, regulatory, and interpretive aspects of cytopathology relative to disease processes and patient care. The practical examination (images) includes interpretive aspects of cytologic fields and cells. The microscopic examination includes diagnosis and correlation with histologic and clinical findings and may include virtual images.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Technical Aspects, Diagnostic Interpretations, and Prognostic Significance
       methods of obtaining material, handling and processing of specimens, special histochemical
       procedures, labeling of cells, and cytometry
• Sources of Cells
       cells obtained by exfoliation, scraping, lavage, brushing, and fine-needle aspiration and
       cells in secretions and discharges
• Pathogenesis and Prognostic Significance
       materials obtained from the female reproductive system, urinary system, respiratory
       system, gastrointestinal system, breast, central nervous system, solid organs, and cystic
       and solid masses
• Staining Methods
       Papanicolaou, Diff-Quik, or other stains for air-dried specimens, H&E, and special stains
       including immunocytochemical methods
• Histologic/Cytologic Correlation, Patient Care Decision Making, Consultation
• Quality Assurance, Practice Improvement, Laboratory Management, Safety

Subspecialty in Dermatopathology

The examination in dermatopathology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections. The practical section is composed of a microscopic portion (traditional and virtual) and an image section. The examination is administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. The practical examination includes images of gross lesions and special technical subjects including immunofluorescent, histochemical, microbiologic, and cytologic preparations.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Diagnostic dermatopathology and relative clinical and laboratory knowledge
• Gross and microscopic diagnosis of skin disorders by direct visual inspection and light, fluorescent, and electron microscopy and histochemical, bacteriologic, mycologic, virologic, and entomologic preparations
• Laboratory management, quality assessment and assurance, patient care decision making, and consultation

Subspecialty in Forensic Pathology

The examination in forensic pathology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections. The practical section is composed of a microscopic portion (traditional and virtual) and an image section. The examination is administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. 

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Pathology and interpretation of natural disease, therapy, and trauma
• Interpretation of injury patterns and stigmata
• Pathology and certification of natural and violent deaths
• Interpretation of clinical and postmortem chemistries and toxicologies
• Molecular biology, forensic odontology, physical anthropology
• Criminalistics, public health, jurisprudence, management, and safety

Subspecialty in Hematology

The examination in hematology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections. The practical section is composed of a microscopic portion (traditional and virtual) and an image section. The examination is administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. The practical examination includes blood and bone marrow smears, imprints, and tissue sections. 

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Methodology
• Hematopoiesis
• Erythrocyte disorders
• Leukocyte disorders
• Lymph node disorders
• Blood vessels and hematologic disorders
• Platelets and platelet disorders
• Blood coagulation
• Patient care decision making and consultation

Subspecialty in Medical Microbiology

The examination in medical microbiology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Medical microbiology administrative and management practices
• Quality control and infection prevention
• Taxonomy, classification, and nomenclature
• Collection, handling, and processing of specimens
• Pathogenic mechanisms of infectious diseases and host-parasite relationships
• Antimicrobial mechanisms of action and susceptibility testing
• Media reagents and stains
• Aerobic bacteria: Cultural and morphologic characteristics and infections
• Anaerobic bacteria: Cultural and morphologic characteristics and infections
• Spirochetes: Morphologic characteristics and infections
• Fungi: Cultural and morphologic characteristics and infections
• Viruses and Rickettsia: Cultural and morphologic characteristics and infections
• Parasites: Morphologic characteristics and infections
• Historical aspects of medical microbiology
• Patient care decision making and consultation

Subspecialty in Molecular Genetic Pathology

The examination in molecular genetic pathology is a one-day, computer-based examination administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both sessions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. Questions may include karyotypes, gels, graphs, pedigrees, or other images.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Normal structure/function, basic molecular techniques/methods, human genetic principles including DNA/RNA structure, transcription/translation, types of mutation and their detection, gene structure and function, population and risk calculation
• Quality improvement, quality control, quality assurance and ethical, legal, and regulatory issues relating to molecular genetic laboratory testing
• Inherited disorders of single and multiple genes and genes of mitochondrial origin
• Neoplastic diseases and other acquired disorders
• Infectious diseases
• Identity testing, histocompatibility, immunologic diseases, and forensic testing

Subspecialty in Neuropathology

The examination in neuropathology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections. The practical section is composed of a microscopic portion (traditional and virtual) and an image section. The examination is administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Diagnostic neuropathology and patient care consultation
• Theoretical, investigative, and administrative aspects of neuropathology
• Specimens from the central or peripheral nervous systems, muscles, and organs of special senses
• Relevant areas of general pathology

Subspecialty in Pediatric Pathology

The examination in pediatric pathology is a one-day, computer-based examination consisting of written and practical sections. The practical section is composed of a microscopic portion (traditional and virtual) and an image section. The examination is administered as follows:

A candidate must pass both the written and the practical portions in the same administration in order to pass the examination. All questions are multiple-choice and are in the one-best-answer format. The questions are designed to measure the candidate’s body of knowledge and problem-solving ability. The written examination includes theoretical, practical, and interpretive aspects of pediatric pathology relative to disease processes and patient care. The practical examination includes images of gross specimens, cytogenetic preparations, graphs, charts, and special histochemical and other techniques. The microscopic examination includes tissue sections and hematologic and cytologic smears pertaining to diagnosis, implications, and prognosis.

Subject areas covered include, but are not limited to:

• Embryologic development and pathology of organ systems
• Abnormalities of the placenta and amniotic fluid
• Cytogenetic techniques and interpretations
• Perinatal and iatrogenic problems
• Congenital malformations and complexes
• Metabolic and immunologic principles and disorders
• Infectious diseases
• Neoplasia and neoplastic diseases
• Handling and processing of specimens, special histochemical procedures, labeling of cells, flow cytometry, DNA hybridization, DNA imaging, and other techniques using DNA probes
• Pathogenesis and prognostic significance of diseases in tissue specimens, cytologic smears, and electron micrographs
• Pediatric aspects of other areas of pathology, including neuropathology, hematology, blood banking/transfusion medicine, microbiology, chemical pathology, and forensic pathology
• Laboratory management and quality assurance and their implementation

This page was last modified on July 9, 2008.